How to Identify Haddock Species
Scientific Name: Melanogrammus aeglefinus
Haddock are important bottom-dwelling fish closely related to cod, known for their distinctive markings and excellent table fare. Our fish identification app helps you identify haddock through their unique characteristics and distinguishing features. These popular food fish support significant commercial and recreational fisheries in North Atlantic waters.
Physical Identification Features
Size & Weight
Haddock typically range from 14-23 inches in length, with mature fish commonly reaching 16-20 inches. They usually weigh 2-5 pounds, with larger specimens occasionally exceeding 8 pounds.
General Appearance
Haddock have elongated bodies with three dorsal fins and a distinctive dark lateral line. They display dark gray to purplish backs with lighter sides and a distinctive dark blotch above the pectoral fin.
Distinguishing Features
Key identifying features include the dark 'thumbprint' blotch above the pectoral fin, prominent lateral line, small barbel under the chin, and pointed first dorsal fin that's higher than the others.
Habitat & Distribution
Natural Environment
Haddock inhabit cool waters of the continental shelf, typically at depths of 80-600 feet. They prefer areas with sandy, muddy, or rocky bottoms and are often associated with specific temperature ranges.
Geographic Distribution
Found in the North Atlantic Ocean from New Jersey to Greenland on the western side, and from the Bay of Biscay to Iceland and the Barents Sea on the eastern side.
Seasonal Patterns
Haddock spawn in spring in deeper offshore waters. They make seasonal movements related to temperature and food availability, often moving to shallower waters in summer and fall.
Behavior & Diet
Feeding Habits
Haddock are bottom feeders that consume marine worms, crustaceans, mollusks, and small fish. They use their barbel to detect food in sediment and often feed in loose aggregations.
Activity Patterns
Most active during daylight hours but can be caught at any time. Haddock often school with other bottom fish and concentrate around underwater structures and productive feeding areas.
Fishing Tips & Techniques
Effective Techniques
Effective methods include bottom fishing with natural baits, jigging with heavy spoons or jigs, and drift fishing over productive bottom structure. Use fish finders to locate schools.
Recommended Gear
Medium to medium-heavy action rods, conventional reels, and 20-30 lb test line. Use circle hooks and pyramid or bank sinkers. Popular baits include clams, marine worms, and cut fish.
Conservation Status
Haddock populations are managed through quotas, minimum sizes, and area closures. They're an important commercial species, so following regulations and practicing sustainable fishing is crucial.
Related Species
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